Scientists at the University of New South Wales (UNSW) have marked a pivotal advancement in the field of quantum computing by pioneering a new method for quantum error correction.

Invoking the concept of Schrödinger’s infamous cat thought experiment, they managed to engineer an antimony atom, which they cleverly dubbed as the “atomic cat“.

Leveraging the Unique Spin States of Antimony

Under the guidance of Professor Andrea Morello from UNSW, the research group capitalized on the unique characteristics of antimony, which possesses the ability to display eight distinct spin states – surpassing the binary states of traditional quantum bits or ‘qubits’. “As a heavyweight element, antimony comes with an extensive nuclear spin, translating to a substantial magnetic dipole,” notes Xi Yu, the paper’s primary author. “This allows its spin to align in eight separate orientations, altering the entire behavior of the system.”

Utilizing antimony’s enhanced spin states offers significant benefits for quantum computing. Benjamin Wilhelm, a fellow author, discusses the susceptibility of quantum systems to errors that can disrupt the quantum information. Conversely, the “seven-lived” atomic cat demands seven sequential faults to cause a logical error, thus bolstering error resistance.

Integrated into a silicon-based quantum chip, the atomic cat’s quantum state is subject to precise manipulation. Dr. Danielle Holmes of UNSW, who was instrumental in producing the chip, suggests that scalability is feasible by adopting techniques akin to those employed in traditional computer chip manufacturing.

Highlighting the importance of this discovery, Professor Morello reveals, “An error, or even multiple errors, do not instantly corrupt the data. When an error does occur, we identify it right away and can rectify it before it compiles further errors.”

Involving a collective effort from researchers across UNSW Sydney and their counterparts at the University of Melbourne who conducted tests on the quantum apparatus, the team’s research carries critical implications for error rectification in quantum computing and is documented in Nature Physics.

The team’s forthcoming goal is showcasing quantum error detection and rectification, a crucial step towards realizing a functional quantum computer. A cross-continental collaboration has driven this initiative, with theoretical input from associates in the United States and Canada, exemplifying the value of international cooperation between leading research entities in the realm of quantum technology..